在英语四级备考的过程中，英语四级阅读是对学生深度理解、剖析和应用英文文本的考量，怎么样高效阅读英语文章，下面是我们给大伙推荐的“2024年6月英语四级考试阅读练习题：水:粮食安全之源”，供考生阅读训练。
2024年6月英语四级考试阅读练习题：水:粮食安全之源
Water : Source Of Food Security
Our planet is thirsty — thirsty because it is hungry. It takes one thousand times more water to feed the human population than it does to satisfy its thirst.
Water lies at the core of sustainable development concerns, and its rational and equitable management is crucial for human survival. That was one of the key messages to arise from the World Summit on Sustainable Development2 that was held in Johannesburg this summer. Next years Third World Water Forum in Japan will address this issue in greater depth.
It is therefore fitting that this years World Food Day spotlights the role of water in food security. Without water, there can be no food production. In fact, the agricultural sector is the user of 70 percent of the planets water supply. In a world in which per capita water availability is declining, we need to focus on appropriate water management if we are to sufficiently increase food production, with a view to reduce hunger and malnutrition, and feed a population expected to rise to 8 billion in 30 yearstime.
Shortage of water threatens extensive agricultural regions in developing countries and fans the prospect of food crises. At present, twenty countries do not have enough water to produce the food their populations need. In some cases, the overexploitation of water resources undermines future agricultural production, while in others, their underexploitation inhibits development.
The combined vicious impact of poverty, rising demand for food and insufficient availability of water therefore poses a serious challenge for world food security and universal access to clean water. One billion people are deprived of clean water, and most of these people are also hungry. They live in rural areas and agriculture is their main source of income.
How are we to ensure water availability and food security, while safeguarding the environment? At present, more than one-third of the worlds food production comes from the irrigated areas that make up 16 percent of the planets arable land. Irrigated farming is at least twice as productive as rainfed farming3, and during the next 30 years some 70 percent of additional food production in developing countries should come from irrigated land.
It is urgent to avoid poor irrigation practices that have often led to diminishing water supplies, land degradation and spread of disease . Far too often, more water is being pumped than can possibly be recharged. Also , too much water is being lost along canals, because of leakage , wastage , seepage or evaporation. Too many schemes are losing productivity because of inappropriate drainage, waterlogging and a build-up of salts in the soil.
We thus have to turn increasingly to adopt integrated watershed management, curb the upstream deforestation that generates flooding and erosion, and significantly increase investment in water control infrastructure. Finally, water use will be sustainable only if it is done in a socially equitable manner.
New water policy, and institutions and laws will facilitate the integrated management of river basins and water resources by all stakeholders, in a climate of transparency, accountability and social justice.
The cooperation of all development partners, the public, private and non-profit sectors at national and international level, will be indispensable to resolve conflicts of interest, mobilize substantial financial resources and create conditions for a fairer distribution of food and water.
The countries of Africa , the Middle East and southern Asia that are already facing serious water shortages will see their situation rapidly worsen unless there is stronger solidarity between the regions of abundance and the regions of scarcity. Such solidarity is necessary if we are to avoid a proliferation and aggravation of tensions relating to water .
复习资料：
Ⅰ. Fill in each blank with proper words or phrases from the passage :
1. Many people in Africa their rights of living peacefully.
2. A few of spies are planning to the social stability.
3. Library is usually regarded as a organization.
Ⅱ. Question :
Why should we avoid poor irrigation practices?
答案：
Ⅰ. 1. are deprived of 2. undermine 3 . non-profit
Ⅱ. Because such practices have often led to diminishing water supplies, land degradation and spread o
f disease.
译文：
水:粮食安全之源
大家的星球非常渴。它之所以渴是由于它饥饿。它用于生产供养人类的粮食所需要的水比用于人类饮用的水多一千倍。
水是可持续进步关注的核心问题。对水进行公平适当的管理是人类存活的重点。这是今年夏季在约翰内斯堡举行的可持续进步首脑会议发出的主要信息之一。明年在日本举行的第三届" 世界水平台"将要愈加深入地讨论这一问题。
因此, 今年的" 世界粮食日"突显水在粮食安全中有哪些用途是正逢其时的。没水, 就不可能进行粮食生产。事实上, 地球上的供水量有70% 为于农业部门所用。世界上水的人均占有量正在降低, 需要对水进行适合集中管理才能充分提升粮食生产, 从而降低饥饿和营养不好的, 为30 年后预计将达到80 亿的人口提供食品。
缺水对进步中国家的广大农业区域导致威胁, 可能引起粮食危机。现在有20个国家无充足的水用于生产该国人口需要的粮食。在某些状况下, 水资源过度开发影响了农业生产前景, 而在另一些状况下, 水资源借助不足抑制了进步。
贫困、对粮食日益增加的需要与供水量不足等综合原因对世界粮食安全及每人获得净水提出了紧急挑战。有十亿人缺少净水, 他们中的大部分还遭受饥饿。他们生活在农村区域, 农业是主要收入来源。
大家怎么样才能在保护环境的同时确保水的提供和粮食安全呢? 今天, 世界粮食产量有三分之一以上来自灌溉区域, 灌溉面积占全球耕地面积的16% 。灌溉农业的产量至少是雨育农业的两倍。在以后30 年间, 进步中国家增加的粮食产量约有70% 来自灌溉土地。大家急切需要防止一般会致使供水降低、土地退化和疾病传播的不好的灌溉办法。更多时候抽水量都超越了储水重新补给的能力。同样, 因流失、消耗、渗透或蒸发, 有太多的水在灌渠沿途损失。因为排水不当、积水和土壤盐碱化日益紧急, 很多灌区的生产率降低。
因此, 大家需要更多地使用小流域综合管理办法, 制止导致水灾和侵蚀的上游毁林, 很多增加对水利基础设施的投资。最后, 水的借助只有以社会公平的方法进行才可能持续。新的水政策和体制及法律将在一种透明、负责和社会公正的环境下, 促进所有利益有关者同意对江河流域及水资源的综合管理办法。
国家和国际范围内所有进步伙伴之间、公共、私营及非盈利部门之间需要进行合作, 才能解决利益冲突, 调动很多经济资源, 为愈加公平分配粮食和水创造条件。除非富足区域与匮乏区域之间加大团结协作, 不然非洲、中东和南亚已经面临紧急缺水国家的形势将会飞速恶化。假如大家要防止与水有关的紧张情况扩散和加剧, 就需要这种团结协作。
以上就是新东方在线我们为大伙收拾的“2024年6月英语四级考试阅读练习题：水:粮食安全之源”的全部内容啦，预祝各位小伙伴顺利通过四级考试!
